Protecting wildlife and the natural environment has always been dear to Sri Lanka. Over 15% of the island has protected status, much of it within a chain of over 14 national parks which are home to a wealth of wildlife including large herds of elephants,the world’s densest leopard population, and a fascinating array of birdlife.   

Amongst Sri Lankan wildlife, pride of place undoubtedly goes to the elephant. These much loved animals are revered throughout Sri Lanka and can be found all around the island and in almost all the national parks.   Read more...

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Sri Lanka’s most impressive big cat is the leopard, and the island offers excellent chances of spotting one of these majestic but notoriously elusive animals, especially if you spend a day or two at Yala National Park. Yala has the highest density of leopards per square mile in the world. Leopards can also be seen in Wilpattu National Park, while occasional sightings have been reported in many other areas as well.   

Ornithologists regard Sri Lanka as one of the world’s premier birding destinations, attracting a unique array of species thanks to its strategic location and warm climate. Over 435 species have been recorded across the island, including 33 endemic species which are found nowhere else in the world.   

Sri Lanka is home to 92 species of animals, 14 of which are endemic. The island is home to a substantial population of monkeys, which can be seen everywhere from national parks to temples and villages. There are numerous species of deer and buffalo, not to mention mongooses, jackals, porcupines and the extremely elusive fishing cat. Non-mammals include a healthy population of snakes, lizards and crocodiles.   

Sri Lanka’s balmy tropical waters are home to a treasure-trove of underwater life. A wide coral shelf surrounds the coast at intervals and provides great sites for scuba diving and snorkelling. Over 100 species of coral have been recorded around Sri Lanka’s coast, home to a rich variety of exotic, brightly coloured fish including the emperor, angel, lion, unicorn and clown fish. Sea trips to see whales and dolphins can also be arranged.   

Sri Lanka is one of South Asia’s most important destinations for migratory marine turtles. Five of the world’s seven species of marine turtle visit the island to lay their eggs on its beaches; the green turtle, hawksbill, olive ridley and loggerhead, as well as the remarkable leatherback turtle, which can grow up to two metres long.   

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Nature and Wild Life related References