An Inland wetland of Semi-Natural origin located in the Dry Zone of the North-Central province. Kaudulla is an ancient irrigation tank constructed in the 3rd century AD during the reign of King Mahasen. The tank has a gross catchment area of 97 sq. miles. 24 species of mammals, 25 species of reptiles, 26 species of fish, and 160 species of birds have been recorded from the National Park. Noteworthy reptiles include the freshwater turtles Lissemys punctata and Melanochelys trijuga. Large water birds include Pelecanus philippensis and Leptoptilos javanicus. The tank caters to the water requirements of wild animals in the Park, including a large herd of Elephas maximus. Trees such as Manilkara hexandra, Chloroxylon swietenia and Vitex altissima, are some of the predominant species occurring in the forests bordering the tank. The reservoir was built by the sister of King Mahasen, who built the neighbouring Minneriya reservoir. The surrounding areas are either set aside for wildlife conservation or used for agriculture.
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